__When he was in Paris, he dedicated his time to the ‘red republicanism’ cause, and began composing articles for the weekly newspaper, ‘La Marseillaise’. Eventually, because of his failure to stage a revolt on 7 February 1870 at Belleville, Flourens was forced to run away from France. On Napoleon’s downfall, he returned to Paris after a short been living in Italy and placed himself as the head of a group of 500 tirailleurs, or sharpshooters. Due to his revolutionary ways, being one of the instigators of the 31 October 1870 uprising against the moderate policy of the provisional government, he was imprisoned at Créteil, nearby Vincennes, ordered by the provisional government, and detained on 7 December 1870 at Mazas, but was discharged by his team on the evening of 21 to 22 January. He joined the uprising of the population on 18 March, was appointed by the XXe arrondissement to be a member of the revolutionary Commune, and was chosen to be general. Gustave Flourens was among the most functional insurrection leaders, and after a raid against the troops of Versailles on 3 April, he escaped into an inn close to the bridge that divides Chatou and Rueil. After he was seized in that area and was neutralised by the Gendarmerie, Captain Jean-Marc Démaret murdered him. Apart from his 1869 Science de l'homme, Flourens also authored several fugitive pamphlets.

_Name: Gustave Flourens
Date of Birth: 4 August 1838
Place of Birth: Paris, France

Gustave Flourens, born on 4 August 1838, was a leader and writer during the French Revolution, and physiologist Jean Pierre Flourens’ son. Gustave Flouren’s father was the Collège de France’s Professor and was a deputy from 1838 to 1839. In addition, Gustave was the elder brother of Emile Flourens, the foreign affairs minister under the Third Republic.

In 1863, the 25-year-old Flourens undertook, on his father’s behalf, a series of teaching classes at the Collège de France, on the topic of mankind’s history. His theories regarding the human race’s manifold origin offended the clergy, and he was banned from presenting further lectures. Then, he travelled towards Brussels, where he printed his lectures using the heading of Histoire de l’homme in 1863. Afterwards, Gustave Flourens visited Athens and Constantinople and participated in the 1866-1868 Cretan insurrection; he was among the chosen to undergo a complicated mission to Athens for the Cretan Revolutionary Assembly. He tried convincing the enlightened people, like Victor Hugo, who failed to gain entrance to the Académie Française because Flourens was chosen instead of him, to defend the Cretan insurrection. He then stayed in Italy for a while, where an article he wrote in the Fe polo d'Italia triggered his being arrested and cast into prison, and having come home to France finally, nearly died in a duel with the Pays’ editor, Paul de Cassagnac.